Lisburn

This is an article related to the Commonwealth of New Duveland

Lisburn Mahawanui (Māori)
City
Clockwise from top: Smithfield Bridge, the Cathedral and Treasury Building, Lisburn city centre, the McKenzie War Memorial and the McKenzie Incline Railway.
Country	New Duveland
Province	McKenzie
Founded	1804
City Council	Lisburn City Council
Population  (2016)
• Total	2,121,222
Demonym	Lisburns
Time zone	UTC+11 (NDST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+
Postal Code	6000
Telephone Code	02
ISO 3166 code	LNS
Website	www.LisburnCity.gov.nd

Lisburn is the capital and largest city of McKenzie, and is the third most populous city in New Duveland. The city's metropolitan area has a population of 2.1 million people and extends in all directions along the floodplain of the McKenzie River valley between Kore Matau Bay and the foothills of the Great Tasman Range. The central business district is located on the banks of the McKenzie River, approximately 10 kilometers (6 miles) from its mouth at Kore Matau Bay.

Lisburn has a fascinating history, having been founded on the ancient homelands of the Tatou and Maha Māori iwi. The city was named after the city in Ireland of the same name, which was a nod to the large numbers of Irish immigrants who were among the first settlers. The area was chosen as a place for secondary offenders from the Tasbury (Moanarua) Colony, and a penal settlement was established in 1800 at Torbay, which is located 10 kilometers (6 mi) south of the central business district. The settlement was soon abandoned and relocated to Lisburn in 1804, and it was opened to free settlement the same year.

During its early years, Lisburn faced numerous challenges. The city was marred by Maori conflict between 1822 and 1841, which had a significant impact on its development. In addition, the Great Lisburn Flood of 1867 caused extensive damage to the city's infrastructure, which set back its progress in some ways. However, despite these setbacks, Lisburn remained a significant centre of commerce and culture, and was chosen as the capital when McKenzie was declared a separate colony from Moanarua in 1854. The city retained its status as capital when the colonies of New Duveland became provinces when the country was granted dominion status.

Today, Lisburn is well known for its unique and distinctive McKenzien architecture, which is a significant part of the city's cultural heritage. The city has become a popular tourist destination, serving as a gateway for visitors to the province of McKenzie. Visitors can explore the many historic sites and landmarks that dot the cityscape, including the St Patricks Cathedral, which is an excellent example of Gothic Revival architecture, and the Lisburn Museum, which offers a fascinating insight into the city's rich cultural heritage.

In addition to its cultural attractions, Lisburn has also hosted several large international and sporting events, including the 1970 Commonwealth Games, which were held in the city's newly built Queen Elizabeth II Park. The city is home to a thriving arts and culture scene, with numerous galleries, theaters, and music venues showcasing the best of local and international talent. With its rich history, stunning architecture, and vibrant cultural scene, Lisburn is a must-visit destination for anyone traveling to McKenzie.

Name

The name Lisburn was chosen for the city as a tribute to the Irish town of Lisburn, located in County Antrim in Northern Ireland. The first free settlers in the area had originated from Lisburn, and as a result, they chose to name the new settlement after their hometown. The name "Lisburn" comes from the Irish language, and is derived from the words "lios" and "burne," which mean "ring fort" and "stream" respectively. The name therefore refers to a fortified ring-shaped enclosure or settlement located near a stream.

The Māori name for Lisburn is "Mahawanui", which has a significant cultural and historical meaning. "Maha" means "many" in Māori, while "wanui" means "great" or "large". Therefore, the name "Mahawanui" roughly translates to "many greats" or "many large things". This name reflects the importance of the area to the Māori people, who have a deep connection to the land and its natural features.

History

Pre-colonisation

Mahawanui pā, on the McKenzie River, after a sketch by Rev. Richard Taylor.

The impact of the Tatou and Maha iwi on the region that eventually became Lisburn was profound and far-reaching, leaving an indelible mark on the landscape, culture, and traditions of the area. Evidence of their settlements and activities can still be seen throughout the city, from the names of local landmarks and streets to the location of the fortified pā in McKenzie Park. This pā was not only a strategic stronghold during times of conflict, but also a hub for trade and commerce during times of peace, demonstrating the Tatou and Maha's sophisticated understanding of politics, economics, and diplomacy.

Despite their occasional conflicts, the Tatou and Maha shared a deep respect for the natural environment and a commitment to sustainable living, ensuring that the land would remain productive and fertile for future generations. Their sophisticated social structures and systems of governance were based on principles of mana (authority), whanaungatanga (kinship), and kaitiakitanga (stewardship), reflecting their reverence for the natural world and their sense of responsibility to care for it.

In the wake of European settlement, the Tatou and Maha faced numerous challenges, including the loss of land, resources, and sovereignty. However, their culture and traditions endured, as the Māori communities in the region adapted to the changing circumstances while continuing to maintain their unique identity and sense of belonging. Today, the vibrant and diverse Māori community in Lisburn continues to celebrate and share their rich heritage with visitors from around the world, ensuring that the contributions of the Tatou and Maha iwi are never forgotten and that their legacy continues to inspire and shape the city's future.

18th century

An evening scene on the McKenzie River as seen in the first of Phillip Carrick's exploration trips.

In the 18th century, the McKenzie Valley was still a largely unexplored land, with only scattered communities of Māori tribes living throughout the region. It was during this time that the first European explorers began to arrive on the shores of the McKenzie River, seeking to claim new lands for their empires and to expand their trade routes.

One of the most famous of these explorers was James Cook, who discovered the mouth of the McKenzie River on his second voyage to the Pacific in 1773. This discovery opened up new possibilities for exploration and trade, and soon after Cook's voyage, several British explorers began to venture up the McKenzie River to map the interior of the country and establish trade relations with local Māori communities. One of the most important of these explorers was John Dungloe, who was sent on an expedition up the McKenzie River in 1792 by the British Admiralty. Dungloe was accompanied by a group of sailors and scientists, and together they explored the river for several months, making detailed maps of the landscape and recording their observations of the local flora and fauna.

Phillip Carrick was another explorer who played a key role in the early colonial history of the region. In 1800, Carrick was sent by the British government to explore the interior of New Duveland and establish a new colony on the McKenzie River. He arrived with a group of settlers and established a new settlement, which he named Lisburn after his hometown in Ireland.

Lisburn was initially established as a settlement for the families of the staff for a new penal colony, which was set up in the region to house convicts and prisoners from Britain. Over time, however, the settlement grew and expanded, attracting new waves of immigrants from Europe and Asia who sought to make their fortunes in the new land. Despite the challenges of colonialism and the displacement of the local Māori communities, Lisburn continued to grow and prosper, becoming one of the most important cities in New Duveland by the mid-19th century.

19th century

Alluvial gold washing, 1820s in the upper McKenzie River.

In the early 19th century, Lisburn began to experience significant growth and development as New Duveland continued to expand and prosper. The city was officially founded in 1804, and over the course of the century, it would become a major economic and cultural hub for the region.

One of the key drivers of Lisburn's growth was the discovery of gold in the Wicklow region in the 1820s. While the initial rush of prospectors was focused in and around Wicklow, Lisburn, as the capital of McKenzie, soon became the centre of economic activity for the entire region. As the gold rush continued, the city saw intense development, with new businesses, industries, and infrastructure popping up to support the growing population.

The influx of people during the gold rush era in Lisburn brought about a rapid expansion in the city's population, which put a considerable strain on the available housing and infrastructure. The sudden growth led to overcrowding and poor living conditions, which in turn caused tensions to rise between different groups of residents. In particular, the wealth disparities between those who struck gold and those who did not, often caused tensions and even led to conflicts. Moreover, the rapid industrialisation of the city to cater to the needs of the gold mining industry had serious environmental consequences. To create space for the growing population, forests were cleared, and river systems were diverted, which resulted in significant changes to the local ecosystems. The resulting environmental damage had long-term impacts on the region's biodiversity and natural resources.

The city's town hall and clock tower remains one of the city's iconic landmarks.

In the years following the gold rush, Lisburn underwent a process of rebuilding and recovery. The city's authorities took steps to address the issues that had arisen during the boom years, such as investing in public infrastructure, building new housing, and promoting sustainable development practices. Nonetheless, the legacy of the gold rush remained, and the challenges of reconciling the needs of economic growth with those of environmental conservation and social equity remained an ongoing challenge for the city.

Many of Lisburn's remaining historical buildings were constructed in the early to mid 1800s, reflecting the city's growth and development during this period. One of the earliest examples is St. Leonard's Church, which was completed in 1824 and still stands today as a testament to Lisburn's early Anglican community. The Former Supreme Court of McKenzie, built in 1828, served as the highest court of appeal in the region and was an important symbol of British authority in the area. Another notable building from this era is St. Patrick's Cathedral, which was completed in 1853 and is now the seat of the Roman Catholic Bishop of Lisburn. With its Gothic Revival architecture and impressive stained glass windows, the cathedral is a popular destination for visitors to the city.

The city was devastated by months of flooding during 1893.

St. John's Basilica, completed in 1855, is another important religious landmark in Lisburn. This imposing structure dominates the city skyline with its twin spires and ornate façade. Originally built as a Presbyterian church, it was later converted to a basilica and is now one of the largest churches in New Duveland. The Lisburn City Hall, completed in 1880, is a grand Victorian building that served as the centre of local government for many years. Its elegant façade and ornate clock tower make it one of the most recognisable landmarks in the city. The Supreme Court of McKenzie, built in 1884, served as the final court of appeal in the region until it was replaced by the Court of Appeal of New Duveland in 1958.

In 1893, Lisburn experienced one of the worst natural disasters in its history when the McKenzie River burst its banks. The flood occurred in January and again in May of that year, causing widespread devastation and leaving much of the city's population homeless. The city received more than a year's worth of rainfall in January 1893 alone, and the McKenzie River, which runs through the heart of the city, overflowed its banks on three separate occasions during that month. The flood waters inundated homes, businesses, and infrastructure, causing extensive damage and loss of life. The disaster was exacerbated by poor warning systems and inadequate emergency responses, leaving many residents stranded and without assistance. In the aftermath of the flood, the city worked to improve its infrastructure and emergency response systems to better prepare for future disasters. Three years later, in 1896, the McKenzie River was again the site of tragedy when the ferry Peara capsized, resulting in the worst maritime disaster in the river's history. The ferry was carrying between 80-100 passengers and crew when it overturned, and only 40 people survived. The accident was attributed to overloading and poor maintenance of the vessel, and it underscored the need for better safety regulations and enforcement in the river transportation industry.

20th century

Smithfield Street Bridge is the oldest remaining bridge in the city, built in 1883.

In the early 20th century, Lisburn continued to experience a period of economic growth and industrial diversification. The establishment of the textile industry marked a significant shift in the city's economic landscape, with new mills being built and local labor being utilized in the production of high-quality linen and other textiles. The new industry provided employment opportunities for thousands of people, and the city quickly gained a reputation for being one of the leading textile manufacturing centers in the country.

Despite the city's economic progress, however, the outbreak of World War I in 1914 brought new challenges to the people of Lisburn. The war led to a significant increase in military activity in the area, with troops being stationed in and around the city, and military training taking place. Many local men joined the war effort, and a number of them lost their lives on the battlefields of Europe. The war had a profound impact on the city, with the loss of so many lives leaving a lasting impression on the community. The city's first war memorial was established in 1920, commemorating those lost in the war.

RNDAF recruits marching on Carrick Street, 1940

During World War II, Lisburn played a crucial role in supporting the Allies' war effort. As part of the Dominion of New Duveland, Lisburn was home to several major aircraft manufacturing facilities, including the Shorts Brothers factory. The factory produced a range of planes, including bombers and reconnaissance aircraft, which were used by the New Duveland and other Allied forces. Lisburn's strategic location and transportation infrastructure made it a key hub for the movement of troops and supplies throughout the country. The city was connected to the rest of the country by a network of roads and railways, including the Tasbury-Lisburn railway line, which was a vital link for transporting troops and supplies to and from the city.

The war also brought a significant influx of people to the area. Many refugees from Europe and other countries across the world moved to Lisburn for safety, and the city's population grew as a result. The local government and community rallied together to provide support and resources for these new residents, and many formed close bonds with the city and its people. Despite the challenges of the war, Lisburn emerged as a strong and resilient city. Its contributions to the war effort were vital to the Allies' victory, and its ability to adapt and support those in need demonstrated the community's strength and compassion.

After the war, Lisburn continued to experience a period of growth and modernisation. The city saw significant redevelopment in the 1960s and 1970s, with many new buildings and infrastructure projects being constructed. The city also became a major centre for technology and innovation, with several high-tech companies setting up operations in the area. This shift towards technology and innovation helped to transform the city's economy and provided new opportunities for local workers.

The 1963 Unification Act was a historical event that brought together the Realm of Lapérouse and the Dominion of New Duveland. The act was signed into law by the respective leaders of the two territories, and it marked the beginning of a new era of cooperation and shared prosperity, and marked a new chapter for every city in the country, including Lisburn. The unification brought new innovation to the city, with many new businesses and industries establishing a presence there in the years that followed. To celebrate the unification, many public spaces were built throughout Lisburn. One of the most notable was Union Square, which was located in the heart of the city centre. This public plaza became a popular gathering place for residents and visitors alike, and it was often used for concerts, festivals, and other cultural events, and is located between Lisburn Town Hall and the Parliament of McKenzie. This plaza was designed to ensure that the public had the right to gather, socialise, or protest closest to both branches of government in the city.

An old Lisburn Tram crossing the Smithfield Street Bridge, 1963.

During the early 20th century, Lisburn's transportation network saw significant expansion, with the construction of new tram and train lines reaching every corner of the city. The first tram service began operating in 1902, and by the 1920s, the network had expanded to cover much of the surrounding area. However, the rise of the automobile and the popularity of buses led to a decline in the use of trams, and by the mid-20th century, the network had been largely replaced by buses. Despite the decline of the tram network, the early 20th century was a period of significant infrastructure development in Lisburn, with many of the city's most iconic bridges being built during this time. With the McKenzie River running through the heart of the city, Lisburn came to be known as 'Bridge City', with a total of 28 main bridges spanning the river alone.

Some of the most notable bridges in Lisburn include the Smithfield Bridge, which was built in 1908 and features a distinctive arched design, and the McKenzie Bridge, which opened in 1912 and provides a key link between the city center and the south side of the river. Another notable bridge is the Lightsview Bridge, which was completed in 1937 and offers stunning views of the surrounding countryside. The earliest bridge in Lisburn is the Carrick Bridge, which was completed in 1883 and originally served as a key transport link for local farmers and traders. Over the years, many of the city's bridges have been refurbished or replaced, but they remain a vital part of Lisburn's infrastructure and a key part of the city's character and identity.

In the late 20th century, Lisburn continued to evolve and adapt to changing economic and social conditions. The city became known for its vibrant cultural scene, with several festivals and events taking place throughout the year. In addition, the city's strategic location and excellent transportation infrastructure continued to attract businesses and investors, helping to fuel further economic growth. Today, Lisburn is a thriving city with a rich history and a bright future, poised to continue its development and growth well into the 21st century.

21st century

The Lisburn Riverwalk project has revitalised the city's river front.

Lisburn has experienced significant flooding in recent years, with major floods occurring in January 2011 and February 2022. Although the McKenzie River did not reach the same height as the previous flood in 1974 on either occasion, the floods caused extensive disruption and damage to infrastructure. The city has implemented various measures to mitigate the impact of future floods, including the construction of levees, flood walls, and improved drainage systems.

In the early 2000s, Lisburn saw significant development in its cultural and artistic scene. The McKenzie Cultural Centre was expanded with the completion of the State Library and the Gallery of Modern Art in 2006. In 2009, the city made headlines with the opening of the Kurilpa Bridge, the world's largest hybrid tensegrity bridge. The bridge, which spans the McKenzie River, quickly became an iconic symbol of the city's modernity and innovation.

The city has also seen significant investment in its public spaces and green areas. The Lisburn Riverwalk project, completed in 2019, transformed the banks of the McKenzie River into a scenic walking and cycling path, complete with public art installations and rest areas. The Carrick Street Parklands, opened in 2020, is a large urban park in the heart of the city, featuring a playground, picnic areas, and a skatepark.

In addition to its cultural and recreational offerings, Lisburn has also become an important center for education and research. The city is home to several major universities and research institutions, including the University of Lisburn and the McKenzie River Institute for Environmental Studies.

Lisburn has seen intense urban development in the city centre.

Population growth in Lisburn has continued to be among the highest of all the New Duveland capital cities in the first two decades of the 21st century. As a result, the city has seen significant investment in infrastructure to support its growing population. Major projects include the Southern Wharves, which were completed in 2012 and have helped to boost the city's economy by facilitating trade and commerce. Other major infrastructure projects include the Carrrick Street Parklands, Queens Wharf, the Lisburn Riverwalk, the Queen's Wharf casino and resort precinct, the Lisburn International Cruise Terminal, the Clem Jones Airport Link railway line, and the Legacy Way road tunnels. In 2018, the city celebrated the completion of the Laganville-Monaca Line cross-river metro rail line, which has greatly improved public transportation in the city and surrounding areas.

In recent years, Lisburn has seen a significant surge in high-rise development, particularly in the central business district. The Pirihimana Centre, completed in 2015, is one of the largest developments in the city since the late 1980s and early 1990s building boom. This mixed-use development comprises four interconnected towers, including offices, residential apartments, and retail spaces. The tallest tower stands at 52 stories high and has become a prominent landmark in the city skyline.

The Pirihimana Centre development has spurred a wave of other high-rise developments in the area. The city has seen numerous proposals and construction plans for new towers and apartment complexes in recent years, with many more in the pipeline. These developments aim to cater to the growing demand for inner-city living, with an increasing number of people choosing to live in the central business district.

Geography and environment

Lisburn as seen from satellite.

The suburb of Papatahi on the banks of the Carrick River.

Lisburn is located in the McKenzie Valley, in central south McKenzie, at coordinates 39°18'51.27"S 165°58'57.26"E. The valley was formed over 10 million years ago by volcanic and glacial activity. The city is about 100 kilometers north of Irihi Bay, which is considered the mouth of the McKenzie River, and its closest neighbour, Moore, is approximately 99 kilometers to the southwest. The topography of the area is diverse, with steep ridges and low-lying areas, including wetlands that have been converted into suburbs like Dungloe and Carnbane. As a result, some parts of the city are subject to landslip issues, while others have poor drainage and are prone to periodic flooding. Thermal inversion exacerbates the problem of airborne pollution, which is not easily dispersed due to the topography of the area.

Lisburn's air quality has improved in recent years, with particulate matter meeting Air NEPM goals and not exceeding PM10 standards between 2009 and 2011. Studies have shown that 73% of air pollution in the area during winter is caused by wood smoke, while about 8% comes from motor vehicle pollution. In the early 1990s, 60% of households used wood heaters, but this number has since decreased to 25-30%.

The city is situated at the confluence of the McKenzie River and the Carrick River and is used for both commercial and recreational shipping and boating. In the past, ocean-going vessels used the river to access the Port of Lisburn wharves in the city centre and Dungloe, but the port has since been relocated to Coleraine, 40 kilometers downstream on the west bank of the McKenzie River. The McKenzie River is the longest river in McKenzie and starts in the Southern Tasman Rangers, near Pawarenga, flowing through many towns, including Paparore, Karikari, and Kaukau, before reaching the McKenzie Valley at Gracefield. The river widens up and becomes navigable at Gracefield, which is over 300 kilometers away from Lisburn. There are many dams, weirs, and locks along the river to maintain navigability upstream and prevent flooding.

Panorama of the McKenzie River at Pupuke.

Ecology

The elusive Eastmere Hen are tracked in Lisburn's parklands to ensure their safety.

Lisburn is a haven for a diverse range of flora and fauna, which makes it a popular destination for nature lovers. The city is home to many native species, including several bird species that are unique to New Duveland. The city's parks and gardens are well-maintained and showcase a range of native trees, shrubs, and flowers, such as the Bunya pines, Norfolk pine, and Southern Pōhutukawa. These trees are part of the family Araucariaceae and Genus Araucaria, which are native to the region.

The surrounding countryside is also home to a variety of biodiversity, with many native species thriving in the forests, wetlands, and grasslands. The Southern Giant Moa, McKenzie's bird emblem still roams around the city's fringe nature reserves. Several other iconic species found in the area, including the golden whistler, red-crowned parakeet, and McKenzie Duck. Unfortunately, the region is also home to a number of endangered species, such as the Eastmere Hen and the Pokotiwha penguin.

Efforts are being made to preserve and protect the region's unique biodiversity. Local conservation groups work hard to restore degraded habitats and protect endangered species. The city has also developed eco-tourism ventures that allow visitors to experience the natural beauty of the region while also supporting conservation efforts. These ventures include guided nature walks, birdwatching tours, and wildlife safaris, all of which are designed to promote the conservation of the region's unique flora and fauna.

Climate

The Carrick River in flood, 2003, on the western outskirts of the city near Nihotaumata.

Lisburn is a located in the McKenzie Valley, situated west of the Eastmere Hinsterlands, to the south central of McKenzie. It has an oceanic, temperate climate with four distinct seasons. Due to the city's topography, its weather patterns can change considerably in a short period. The warmest months are in January and February, with an average air temperature range of 12.2 to 24.4 °C (54 to 76 °F). Throughout the year, there are an average of 4.3 days a year over 30 °C (86 °F). The maximum recorded temperature was 39 °C (102 °F) on 30 January 2009, with Lisburn Airport reaching 40.4 °C (105 °F) on that same day, during the 2009 Southern New Duveland heat wave. The city averages 67.3 clear days and 148.8 cloudy days per annum.

Winters in Lisburn are cool, with minimum temperatures dropping below 2 °C (36 °F) an average of 61 days a year. The coldest month is July, with an average temperature range of 2.2 to 12.5 °C (36 to 55 °F). The lowest recorded minimum at Lisburn's current weather station, the Lisburn Observatory, was −5.2 °C (22.6 °F) on 21 July 1991. Snowfall is rare in Lisburn, with snow falling in 1951 and 1986, and again on 3 August 2015, when most of the province received snowfall due to a cold front moving up from Antarctica. On the night of 4 August 2020, Lisburn received an inch of snow on the ground, with varying levels around the province.

Winter, for Lisburn, is also the season with the least amount of wind. Due to this and the topographical effect of the McKenzie Valley, Lisburn winters are known for foggy mornings, with Lisburn Airport being the most fog-bound commercial airport in New Duveland. The average annual rainfall, with moderate to low variability, is 665 mm (26 in), falling on an average of 88.4 days a year. The most rain the city has received in a year was 829.6 millimetres (32.66 in) in 1992, though Lisburn Airport received 953.1 millimetres (37.52 in) in 1956. The driest year in Lisburn was in 2006, when just 394.8 millimetres (15.54 in) fell.

In 2007, the Bureau of Meteorology reported that it was the warmest year ever recorded in Lisburn since temperatures were first recorded in 1864. Temperatures ranged from a minimum of 8.1 °C (46.6 °F) to a maximum of 19.2 °C (66.6 °F). During 2006 and 2007, Lisburn had the hottest maximums throughout the province. In 2008, Lisburn had the highest average maximum temperature out of all the cities in McKenzie, with 18.6 °C (65.5 °F).

In the 1960s, flood levees were constructed in Lisburn to safeguard large portions of the suburbs Dungloe and Carnbane from floods. These levees reach up to a height of 4 metres (13 ft) as Dungloe is located within a flood plain. The last major flood in the area occurred in 1929, which left more than 4,000 people homeless in Dungloe. Since then, minor floods have occurred sporadically. To upgrade the existing flood levees, a $59 million project is underway, which is expected to take five to six years to complete. This upgrade is intended to protect the city from 1-in-200-year events. As part of this project, the council has acquired land previously used by eighteen businesses on the south side of Lindsay Street in Dungloe, and these businesses were given until July 2009 to vacate the area.

Urban structure

Much of the outer suburbs are low density as single dwellings make up over 70% of housing in the city.

Lisburn's central business district is a bustling area located at the intersection of the Carrick and McKenzie Rivers. The CBD is easily accessible by foot and spans 2.2 square kilometers. Most of the streets in the area are named after prominent figures in the region's history, including early explorers and Māori chiefs. Carrick Street, named after Phillip Carrick, is the city's main street and features its largest pedestrian mall, the Carrick Street Mall. The mall is a popular spot for locals and visitors alike, with a range of shops, cafes, and restaurants.

The CBD is home to several squares, each with its unique character. Victoria Square is a vibrant, tree-lined space that hosts a variety of events throughout the year. Union Square, located in the heart of the CBD, is a popular gathering spot for locals and visitors alike. ANDNZAC Square is home to the city's central war memorial, dedicated to the brave men and women who served in the various wars throughout the last century.

Lisburn's metropolitan area is divided into three main areas: the northside, eastside, and westside. The Carrick and McKenzie Rivers separate these areas, with many neighborhoods located on the opposite side of the river from their divided terms. The region also has other colloquial areas such as the "hinterlands" for hilly regions to the west of the CBD and the "bayside" for areas along the coast of Irihi Bay.

As of 2021, Greater Lisburn had a population density of 159 inhabitants per square kilometer. The city has a sprawling metropolitan area that can take over an hour to traverse by car without traffic. Since the 1970s, there has been a significant increase in the construction of apartment developments, including mid-rise and high-rise buildings. This trend has continued into the 21st century, with even faster growth rates. Despite this, separate houses remain the most popular dwelling choice for residents, with 73.4% residing in them. Apartments, townhouses, terrace houses, or semi-detached houses make up 14.7% of the city's housing, with 11.4% of residents living in them.

Gallery

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  Duncan, inner north
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  Fairley, inner north
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  Koriota, Inner east
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  A view looking over Lisburn's eastern suburbs, towards the Eastmere Hinterlands.
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  A view of Lisburn's south eastern suburbs
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  Princeton, western suburbs
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  Tūhanapolis, south Eastern suburbs
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  Wāhi Ngaro, north western suburbs
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  Wyncroft, inner west

Parklands

The Portulla Wildlife Reserve showcases and protects some of the Province's most iconic native wildlife.

Lisburn is a city known for its beautiful parklands. With many parklands located throughout the city, there is no shortage of green space for residents and visitors to enjoy. One of the most popular parklands in Lisburn is Confluence Park, which is located between the city centre and the confluence of the McKenzie and Carrick Rivers. The parklands offer a picturesque setting of Lisburn's city centre and inner city areas. It is a popular space for public gatherings, protests, and community events.

For those seeking a natural backdrop to the city, the Eastmere Hinterlands AINESO national park is a must-see. This park provides hiking trails that offer visitors an opportunity to explore the natural beauty of the area. In addition, the park is home to the Province's well-known Southern Giant Moa birds, providing visitors with the opportunity to get up close and personal with the native wildlife.

In Lisburn, there are numerous parklands that have local rugby and cricket pitches for local sports teams, providing ample opportunities for sports enthusiasts to engage in their favourite pastime. The city is also home to several river walk parklands along the McKenzie, Carrick and other rivers and streams. These parklands provide a natural habitat for local wildlife, including fish, birds, and insects, and offer visitors an opportunity to take a peaceful stroll along the water's edge.

For those seeking a more immersive wildlife experience, Lisburn has several wildlife parks, including the Portulla Wildlife Reserve and the Kairori Valley Sanctuary. These parks offer untouched reserves for native wildlife and are popular tourist destinations, especially for those interested in observing the Southern Giant Moas in their natural habitat. These parks provide an opportunity for visitors to see these magnificent creatures up close and learn about their habitat and behaviour.

Architecture

Lisburn is well known for it's gothic style architecture, with the Unity Building from the 1930s being an in influence to future developments in the city.

Lisburn is known for its impressive and lasting gothic-style architecture, which has endured from the start of the 20th century well into the contemporary era. The city boasts numerous notable skyscrapers of this style, including the Cathedral and Treasury Building, NDNB Tower, Seidler Plaza, and Pairc Avenue Tower. These buildings are iconic features of Lisburn's skyline and showcase the city's rich architectural heritage.

St. Paul's Cathedral is a well-known church in Lisburn, a beautiful example of gothic-style architecture that attracts visitors from all over the world. Its intricate stonework and imposing spires make it a must-see for anyone interested in architecture or history.

The McKenzie War Memorial, another notable architectural feature of Lisburn, is known for being built in a brutalist style. Despite its simple, unadorned appearance, the memorial is a powerful tribute to the fallen soldiers of the McKenzie wars.

St Lenard's Church, completed in 1824, is the oldest remaining church in the Province and features Georgian-style architecture. It is a beautiful example of the classical lines and understated elegance that characterizes this style.

The Waterloo Hotel, built-in 1835, is the oldest hotel in the city and showcases the Old Colonial Regency style. This classic architectural style features grand pillars and intricate detailing, making it a beautiful and timeless addition to the city's skyline.

St James Cathedral of Christ is another beautiful example of gothic revival architecture, completed in 1853. The intricate stonework and dramatic spires make it a breathtaking sight, and it is a popular destination for tourists and architecture enthusiasts alike.

Lisburn City Hall, built in 1880, is an example of Victorian Academic Classical styles with French Second Empire features. The town hall is dominated by a very tall multi-stage clock tower and is a significant example of the ornate and grandiose architecture of the Victorian era.

The Supreme Court of McKenzie, completed in 1884, features classical Renaissance Revival architecture. This majestic building is an excellent example of the grandiose style of this period, with its imposing columns and intricate detailing.

The Unity Building, completed in 1932, is an Art Deco Gothic building inspired by the Tribune Tower in Chicago, Illinois. Its unique style and striking appearance make it a popular destination for architecture enthusiasts.

Finally, the Grace Hotel, completed in 1930, is another Art Deco Gothic building that is a testament to Lisburn's enduring architectural heritage. Its bold lines and dramatic appearance make it a standout feature of the city's skyline and a popular destination for visitors.

Gallery

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  The McKenzie War Memorial
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  The Dungloe Hotel
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  Lisburn Public Library
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  Terraced homes in Union Square
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  The Carrick Hotel
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  The old Lisburn Courthouse
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  A new apartment tower in Koriota with combined Gothic and Art Deco style.
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  A row of terrace homes in Richmond
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  McKenzie Hotel
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  The historic Carrick University Stadium stands that have since been incorporated into Carrick Stadium.

Demographics

Lisburn's Chinatown. Chinese New Duvelanders are Lisburn's largest Asian ancestry.

Lisburn, one of the most populous cities of New Duveland, is experiencing growth rates similar to other provincial capitals like Tasbury, Espérance, and Macquarie, according to the List of cities in New Duveland by population. As of 2020, the city had an urban area population of more than 2.4 million, making it the country's third-largest city. McKenzie's population is one of the least centralised in the country, with 52% of the population residing in the Lisburn urban area.

In recent years, the outer suburbs of Carrick and Billis have experienced major population growth. Lisburn's population is distributed among 650,000 houses, 100,000 semi-detached, row terrace, or townhouses, and 85,000 flats, units, or apartments. While the city's population is growing, the number of citizens with vocational qualifications has decreased from 62.1% in the 1991 census to 52.4% in the 2001 census.

About 17.1% of Lisburn's population has university qualifications, which is significantly lower than the national average. The aging population of Lisburn is also a cause for concern, with 25.5% of the city's population aged 55 or older, compared to the national average of 23.2%. In contrast, the city has the lowest percentage of children under the age of 15, who comprise only 19.7% of the population, compared to the national average of 21.4%.

Despite its demographic challenges, Lisburn is a city with a rich cultural heritage, and it attracts a diverse group of people from various backgrounds. The city has a reputation for being welcoming to new residents, and it is home to a vibrant multicultural community. Lisburn's demographics continue to evolve, and the city's government is working to ensure that the needs of all its residents are met.

Ancestry and immigration

the Māori renaissance of the 1970s was a turning point Māori recognition within the city, and McKenzie as a whole.

Lisburn is a city with a diverse population, which has grown steadily in recent years. As of the 2021 census, the city's population was more than 2.4 million, with a significant portion, 31.3%, being overseas-born citizens. The largest groups of overseas-born people were from England, India, Mainland China, Vietnam, and Italy. The city has become an attractive destination for migrants, due to its strong economy, employment opportunities, and high standard of living.

The city's suburbs are home to various communities of migrants, with some having a significant presence in specific areas. For example, suburbs such as Carrick, Kilcar, and Pupuke in the north, and Bulbin, Dungloe, and Newtown to the south, have large Greek and Italian communities. The Italian consulate is located in the inner suburb of Gilford. Large Vietnamese populations are settled in the north-western suburbs of Orchard Valley, Woodlands, Thornhill, as well as Glenwood and Rathvarna in Lisburn's north.

The Indian and Sri Lankan communities have established themselves in inner suburban areas of Lisburn, including the inner northern suburbs of Martinville, Richmond, and Ahumahi Park, and the inner southern suburbs of New Lagan, Sheraden, and McKee Dock. In the eastern suburbs, such as Courtney, Gastonville, Hilcrest, and Castle Valley, and the western suburbs, including Ruānuku, Culcavy, and Ruahonu, sizable Afghan communities have been established. Chinese migrants tend to settle in the north-eastern and south-western suburbs, such as Wākāinga, West Mifflin, Kilcar, South Newtown, Ruskinville, and Saintsbury. Bulbin has a large international student population, due to its proximity to the University of McKenzie campus.

The diverse population of Lisburn is evident in the 2021 census, with 50.8% of people living in the Lisburn urban area being European/Pākehā, 18.3% Māori, 15.4% Pacific peoples, 10.4% Asian, and 5.3% other ethnicities.

Language

Bilingual sign at Lisburn Central Railway Station.

According to the 2021 census, the majority of the population of Lisburn speaks English as their primary language at home, with 75.4% of the population reporting it as their first language. However, there is a diverse range of languages spoken by the population, reflecting the city's multicultural makeup. Pacific Island languages such as Tongan, Samoan, and Fijian were reported by 5.7% of the population as their primary language spoken at home. This reflects the significant Pacific Island community in the city, particularly in the northern suburbs of Carrick, Kilcar and Pupuke and the southern suburbs of Bulbin, Dungloe and Newtown.

Māori, one of New Duveland's official languages, was reported by 2.4% of the population as their primary language spoken at home. This highlights the importance of Māori culture and language in the city, and the efforts being made to preserve and promote the language in everyday life. Italian was reported by 2.1% of the population as their primary language spoken at home, with a concentration of Italian speakers in suburbs such as Carrick, Kilcar and Pupuke, where there is a significant Italian community.

St Patricks Cathedral is an important symbol of the city's Catholic community.

Standard Mandarin, one of the most widely spoken languages in the world, was reported by 2.1% of the population as their primary language spoken at home, indicating the growing Chinese community in the city. Greek was reported by 1.7% of the population as their primary language spoken at home, with a significant Greek community in the suburbs of Carrick, Kilcar and Pupuke. Vietnamese, a Southeast Asian language, was reported by 1.4% of the population as their primary language spoken at home, reflecting the growing Vietnamese community in the north-western suburbs of Orchard Valley, Woodlands, Thornhill, as well as Glenwood and Rathvarna in Lisburn's north. Cantonese, another Chinese language, was reported by 0.7% of the population as their primary language spoken at home, indicating the presence of a Cantonese-speaking community in the city.

Religion

At the 2021 census, religion continued to play an important role in the cultural fabric of Lisburn. Christianity remained the most common religion, with approximately 44.6 percent of the population identifying as Christian, though this represents a decrease from previous censuses. Roman Catholicism remained the largest Christian denomination, with 13.3 percent of the population affiliating, followed by Anglicanism with 9.1 percent and Presbyterianism with 7.4 percent.

Non-Christian religions also experienced growth since the last census, with 11.6 percent of the population affiliating with these religions. The largest non-Christian religions were Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, and Sikhism. The increase in these religions is a result of recent immigration from Asia and other regions. While there are no figures on religious attendance, these religions have established places of worship throughout the city, with mosques, temples, and gurdwaras being built in areas with significant populations of Muslims, Hindus, Buddhists, and Sikhs.

The proportion of irreligious individuals remained high, with 43.8 percent of the population stating no religious affiliation. This represents a significant increase from previous censuses and may reflect a growing trend of secularism in the city. However, the number of individuals who objected to answering the question about their religion remained at 3.8 percent.

Lisburn also has a small but long-established Jewish community. The community has been in the city for many years and has its synagogue located in the inner city area. While the community is relatively small, it has played an important role in the cultural and religious diversity of the city.

Economy

Lisburn's central business district is the economic heart of McKenzie.

Lisburn is a thriving global city with a robust economy and a diverse range of industries. As one of the major business hubs in New Duveland, Lisburn boasts one of the largest GDPs in the Asia-Pacific region. The city's economy is built on a foundation of strengths in mining, banking, insurance, transportation, information technology, real estate, and food. The city is home to some of the largest companies in New Duveland, including McKenzie Flight Co., Lisburn Financial Group, Pupuke Mining Corporation, Bulbin Food Suppliers, Orchard Valley Casino, Lisburn Retail Emporium, Kilcar Storage Solutions, Gastonville Logistics, Ahumahi Bakery Group, Ruānuku Real Estate, Sheraden Consulting Services, Mckenzie Insurance Group, Woodlands Coffee Co., Ruskinville Engineering, Dungloe Manufacturing Corp., Carrick Construction Co., New Lagan Law Firm, Saintsbury Security Services, Culcavy Tech Solutions, and Thornhill Investment Group. These companies, along with numerous international firms, have contact offices in Lisburn.

Lisburn's long history as a major seaport city has played a significant role in its economic development. The Port of Lisburn, located at the mouth of the McKenzie River on Irihi Bay, is the third busiest port in New Duveland in terms of the value of goods transported. The port handles container freight, sugar, grain, coal, and bulk liquids. The facilities are relatively new, with most being built in the past three decades, some on reclaimed wetlands. The Port is part of the TradeCoast New Duveland, which also includes the Lisburn Airport and large industrial estates along both banks of the McKenzie River.

In addition to its seaport, Lisburn has a thriving white-collar industry, including information technology, financial services, higher education, and public sector administration. These industries are mostly located in and around the central business district and satellite hubs in the inner suburbs such as Sheraden, Duncan, Gilford, Wyncroft, and Nōta. Blue-collar industries, including petroleum refining, stevedoring, paper milling, metalworking, and MKR railway workshops, tend to be located on the lower reaches of the McKenzie River near the Port of Lisburn and in new industrial zones on the urban fringe.

Tourism is a significant part of Lisburn's economy, both in its own right and as a gateway to other areas of McKenzie. The city is a popular destination for international students, with over 100,000 enrolled in universities and other tertiary education institutions in the central City of Lisburn local government area alone in 2018. The city's thriving hospitality industry, with its many hotels, restaurants, and entertainment venues, caters to the needs of both tourists and locals alike. The city's location on the coast and its rich cultural heritage make it a sought-after destination for visitors from all over the world.

King Street Mall is the largest pedestrian mall in the city.

Retail

Lisburn's retail scene is a thriving industry, with a diverse range of shopping options available to residents and visitors alike. The city's central business district is home to the King Street Mall, which boasts a wide range of shops, restaurants and cafes. It is McKenzie's largest pedestrian mall and is always bustling with activity. In addition to the King Street Mall, Lisburn Central, Carrick Plaza and Riverside Centre are all popular shopping centres within the CBD.

Luxury shoppers will be drawn to Victoria Street and Riverside Centre, which feature high-end brands and designer labels. Historical shopping arcades, such as the Lisburn Arcade and Tattersalls Arcade, add to the charm and character of the CBD. Suburbs adjacent to the CBD, such as Koriota, North Lisburn and Sheraden, are also major retail hubs in their own right. Spencer Street in Koriota is particularly popular with shoppers, with its eclectic mix of boutique stores and trendy cafes.

Beyond the inner-city, Lisburn's retail options are focused on indoor shopping centres. Regional shopping centres, including Tūāraki Centre in the north and Taitonga City in the south, are popular with locals, while super regional shopping centres such as Īta Sawmil Valley in the east, Wēta Centre in the west, Irwin Place in the outer-north and Billis Park Centre in the outer-south attract shoppers from across New Duveland. For those looking for a bargain, Lisburn's factory outlet centres are a must-visit. The Direct Factory Outlets at Rangikēti in The Docks and Hillsborough offer discounted products from a wide range of popular brands.

Lisburn Markets in The Docks cover an area of 100 hectares, making them the largest wholesale markets in the city. A range of smaller markets operate at various locations throughout Lisburn, including South End Parklands, Union Square and McKenzie Street Markets at Richmond. These markets offer fresh produce, clothing and other goods at competitive prices.

Culture and sport

The McKenzie Museum hosts a range of special events, lectures, and educational programs throughout the year.

Lisburn is home to several impressive art galleries, with the largest being the McKenzie Art Gallery and the Lisburn Gallery of Modern Art (LOMA). LOMA is the second largest modern art gallery in New Duveland and is renowned for its impressive size, enabling it to host particularly large shows. The Asia Pacific Triennial (APT), a contemporary art exhibition featuring artists from the Asia Pacific region, is held at LOMA, showcasing a variety of media ranging from painting to video work.

The city boasts a thriving performing arts scene with several large theatres located at the McKenzie Performing Arts Centre (MPAC). The Judith Wright Arts Centre in Tīrau and the Lisburn Powerhouse in Te Awamutu also host exhibitions and festivals of visual art, music, and dance. Several smaller theatres, including the La Boite Theatre Company at Māhina Bay and the Lisburn Arts Theatre at Ahipara, offer a diverse range of theatrical performances. The McKenzie Performing Arts Centre (MPAC) at Waipā, South End, is home to the McKenzie Symphony Orchestra, the McKenzie Ballet, Opera McKenzie, and the McKenzie Theatre Company. The centre features several theatres, including the Lyric Theatre, the Cremorne Theatre, the Concert Hall, and the Playhouse Theatre.

The McKenzie Conservatorium, located within the South End Parklands, is a musical conservatorium where professional music companies and conservatorium students can also stage performances. Numerous choirs, including the Canticum Chamber Choir, the Lisburn Concert Choir, the Lisburn Chamber Choir, and the Imogen Children's Chorale, present performances across the city annually. The McKenzie Museum, features a variety of artifacts, documents, photographs, and artworks that showcase the history and cultural heritage of the McKenzie region, from the indigenous Maori people to the present day. Visitors can explore exhibits on topics such as early European settlement, the gold rush era, industrial development, and contemporary life in the region. The museum also hosts a range of special events, lectures, and educational programs throughout the year. Whether you are a history buff or just curious about the local area, the McKenzie Museum is a fascinating and informative destination for visitors of all ages.

Lisburn's live music scene is constantly evolving, producing acts spanning multiple genres such as indie rock, punk rock, post-punk, electronic music, experimental music, metal, and noise rock. The city's live music history is often intertwined with social unrest and political issues, as told by journalist Andrew Stafford in Pig City: From The Saints to Savage Garden, Radical Lisburn: An Unruly History, edited by academics Raymond Evans and Carole Ferrier, and LIS - The Definitive Archive: Lisburn Independent Electronic Music Production 1979–2014, produced by record label director Dennis Remmer. Pubs and clubs in the City and Gilford are popular entertainment venues, and the Lisburn Entertainment Centre in Te Kūiti hosts numerous musical concerts, with some of the largest held at Irihi Park.

Annual events

The Royal McKenzie Exhibition (The Whaka) an annual carnival and agricultural show run by the Royal Agricultural and Horticultural Society of McKenzie.

The Royal McKenzie Exhibition, also known as the Whaka, is a highly anticipated annual agricultural exhibition held each August at the Lisburn Showgrounds in Sheraden Hill. This event is the longest-running and most significant annual gathering in Lisburn, attracting thousands of visitors from all over the country. To accommodate this widespread public attendance, a public holiday is held in each local government area across Lisburn.

Another annual event that draws a massive crowd is the Lisburn Festival held each September in various locations, including South End Parklands and the CBD. This festival is famous for its spectacular "PūaoPāhunu" fireworks display, which is one of the largest in the country and attended by hundreds of thousands of residents. The festival features numerous entertainment options, such as music, food, and various activities suitable for all ages.

In July/August each year, Lisburn International Film Festival (LIFF) takes place in different venues throughout Lisburn. LIFF showcases new films and retrospectives by domestic and international filmmakers, along with seminars and awards. It is a highly-anticipated event among film enthusiasts and an excellent platform for emerging filmmakers to showcase their work.

The Buddha Birth Day festival, held annually at South End parklands, is another significant event that draws over 200,000 visitors each year. It is the largest event of its kind in New Duveland and celebrates the life and teachings of Buddha. The festival features various cultural displays, entertainment options, and delicious food from different regions.

Apart from these significant events, many smaller community events take place throughout the year, such as the Paniyiri Greek Festival, which lasts two days in May, the Lisburn Medieval Fayre and Tournament held each June, the Bridge to Lisburn charity fun run, the Anywhere Festival, and the Bulbin Street Seafood and Wine Festival.

Lisburn Convention & Exhibition Centre, located in North Lisburn, is a 200,000 square metre multi-purpose venue that hosts many major events throughout the year. The venue is an ideal location for hosting events ranging from exhibitions and conventions to concerts and trade shows. The facility is well-equipped and has state-of-the-art technology to cater to different event requirements.

Sport

Irish Park Stadium is the largest stadium in the city, and is the home to some of the city's rugby union and rugby league teams.

Lisburn is a thriving sports hub, with rugby union, cricket, rugby league, association football (soccer) and netball being the most popular sports in the area. These sports have a large following in the region and many people participate in them at various levels. The city boasts of several state-of-the-art sports facilities and grounds that cater to the needs of both amateur and professional athletes. Lisburn is home to a considerable number of rugby union and cricket grounds, including the iconic Lisburn Cricket Grounds and the North Lisburn Rugby Football Club, which boasts of a large membership and a dedicated fanbase.

Association football (soccer) is also popular in Lisburn, and the city has several venues for this sport, including the South End Parklands and the Lisburn Sports Stadium. Netball is another sport that is widely played and followed, and Lisburn has many indoor and outdoor courts and training facilities for netball enthusiasts.

Apart from the mainstream sports, Lisburn also has many other sports facilities and venues, including venues for rugby league, basketball, hockey, ice hockey, motorsports, tennis, badminton, swimming, rowing, and golf. The city has a dedicated motorsports track, which attracts many motoring enthusiasts from across the country. Lisburn also has a thriving golfing community, with several golf courses located in and around the city.

Lisburn is known for its horse racing culture, with three racecourses located within the city - Martinville and Tawairauriki for thoroughbred racing, and Taumatītaha for harness racing. A fourth racecourse is located at Moncity, which straddles the boundary between Lisburn and the neighbouring Eastmere Hinterlands region. The city also hosts regular greyhound racing events at the Carrick Stadium, which is a popular destination for sports enthusiasts in the area.

Major teams

The Lisburn Titans during the 2018 Super Rugby season.

The Lisburn Cricket Grounds is the largest cricket stadium in the city and hosts various cricket matches, including Test cricket, Twenty20 International.

Lisburn is home to a number of sporting teams that compete in various national and transnational competitions. These teams represent the city in a range of different sports and are well-supported by their fans.

• The Lisburn Titans are one of the top professional rugby union teams in New Duveland and play in the Super Rugby competition. They have a strong reputation for producing talented players and have won multiple national titles.
• The Lisburn Giants are another prominent rugby team in the city, competing in the National Rugby League. They have a passionate following and regularly draw large crowds to their home games at the Lisburn Showgrounds.
• Cricket is also a popular sport in Lisburn, with the Lisburn Spades competing in the New Duveland Cricket Association. They have a proud history and have produced many talented players who have gone on to represent the country at the international level.
• Association football (soccer) is another sport that is widely played and followed in Lisburn. The city has two teams, Lisburn City and Dungloe United, who both compete in the New Duveland Football Championship and the A-League. Both teams have a strong local following and have had success in national and transnational competitions.
• Netball is a popular sport for women in Lisburn, with the Southern Stars being the city's top team. They compete in the top level netball league championship and have a strong record of success.
• Basketball is also a popular sport in the city, with Lisburn United competing in the National Basketball League of Australasia. They have a strong following and regularly attract large crowds to their games.
• Lisburn is also home to the Lisburn Giant Moas, who compete in the Australasian Baseball League. They have a passionate following and are known for their talented players and exciting style of play.

Major events

The LTO Lisburn Open is held annually at the Tēnehi Centre.

Annual sporting events held in Lisburn include:

• The LTO Lisburn Open and the WTA Lisburn Open, also known as the ASB Classic, are two prestigious tennis tournaments held annually in January. The men's tournament has been held since 1956 and the women's tournament since 1986. The ASB Tennis Centre hosts both tournaments, and they are known for attracting top players from around the globe.
• The Lisburn Super400, also known as the Bunnings Lisburn Super 400, is a thrilling car racing event held at Banbridge Park Raceway. The race has been held intermittently since 1996 and is part of the Supercars Championship. The race attracts many car racing enthusiasts from across New Duveland.
• The Lisburn Marathon and half-marathon are annual running events that draw in over 30,000 participants. The marathon is the largest in New Duveland and has been held annually since 1992. The race starts and finishes in the city center and takes participants on a scenic route through the city's streets and suburbs.
• The Lisburn Anniversary Regatta is a sailing event that has been held annually since the city's founding in 1804. It is held over Lisburn Anniversary weekend and attracts several hundred entrants each year. The regatta is the largest of its kind in McKenzie and is a celebration of the city's rich maritime history.
• Lisburn Cup Week is a horse racing carnival that takes place every March. Since its inception in 2006, it has become the richest carnival in McKenzie and includes several major thoroughbred horse races, such as the Lisburn Cup, held since 1854, and the McKenzie Derby, held since 1875. The carnival draws in horse racing enthusiasts from all over the country.
• The McKenzie River Swim is an annual summer swimming event that attracts over a thousand amateur entrants each year. The swim covers a distance of 3.0 km and crosses the McKenzie River from Confluence Park to Dungloe. It is the largest river swim in New Duveland and takes place every year since 1990.
• Round the Creeks is an annual fun-run that attracts tens of thousands of participants every year. The course travels eastwards along the McKenzie Riverfront, starting in the CBD and ending in Rathvarna. The total length of the course is 8.4 km, and the event has been held annually since 1965. The number of entrants peaked at 80,000 in 1995, making it the largest fun-run in McKenzie.
• Lisburn has also been a host city for various international sporting events, including the 2017 AFA Alliance World Cup and a number of matches (including the semi-finals) of the 1987 Rugby World Cup. The city's world-class sporting facilities and enthusiastic local community make it a perfect destination for hosting major sporting events.

Tourism and recreation

The McKenzie War Memorial is one of the most visited landmarks in the city.

Lisburn is a vibrant and picturesque city that attracts visitors from around the world with its winning combination of high-rise modern architecture, lush green spaces, and pristine wilderness areas. As the third-most popular destination for international tourists after Tasbury and Espérance, tourism plays a major role in the city's economy. Visitors can enjoy a variety of popular tourist and recreation areas, including the Confluence Park, which houses the McKenzie War Memorial and is a popular spot for picnics and outdoor activities.

The City Botanic Gardens are a beautiful and peaceful oasis in the heart of the city, while the King Street Mall is a bustling shopping district that is home to a wide range of shops, restaurants, and cafes. South End Parklands is another popular destination, with plenty of green space and a lovely waterfront promenade that provides stunning views of the McKenzie River.

Nature lovers will also appreciate the Portulla Wildlife Reserve, which is home to a wide variety of native flora and fauna, including many endangered species. The Kairori Valley Sanctuary is another must-see attraction, with its pristine wilderness and stunning views of the surrounding mountains.

The city's cultural attractions are also worth exploring. The McKenzie Cultural Centre, which includes the McKenzie Museum, McKenzie Performing Arts Centre, McKenzie Art Gallery, the Gallery of Modern Art, and the Library of McKenzie, is a hub of activity and creativity. The Parliament of McKenzie is another iconic building that showcases the city's rich history and political heritage.

Visitors can also enjoy the city's extensive Riverwalk network, which runs along much of the McKenzie and Carrick Rivers foreshore throughout the inner-city area, offering spectacular views of the city and river. The network includes several spans built out over the McKenzie River, providing unique vantage points of the waterway. For those seeking adventure, there are plenty of exciting activities to try in Lisburn. The Smithfield Street Bridge adventure climb and rock climbing at the Moa Point Cliffs are both popular among thrill-seekers, while the Irihi Bay Marine Park is a major attraction, with its surf beaches and resorts.

The Eastmere Hinterland National Park AINESCO World Heritage Site border the city.

Lisburn is also an excellent base from which to explore the surrounding national parks. The Eastmere Hinterland National Park, just outside the city, is an AINESCO World Heritage Site that incorporates several national parks and is one of the most pristine wilderness in New Duveland. Mount Doan Lookout provides a scenic overview of the entire city, while Eastmere Peak is a popular recreational attraction for hiking and bushwalking. The Irihi Ranges Reserve Park to the south of the metropolitan area is another popular destination for bushwalking and hiking, with peaks such as Mount Toronaiha, Mount Whatiia, Poutama Peak, Whakarongo Range, Tāhuri Heights, Maramatanga Mountain, and Tangiwai Summit offering stunning views of the surrounding landscape. Plohogue Point Reserve, located at the mouth of Irihi Bay, offers a breathtaking view of the Hokitika Strait that separates the mainland from New Zealand’s South Island. This stunning vista provides an excellent opportunity for visitors to immerse themselves in the natural beauty of the region.

As the gateway to McKenzie, Lisburn offers a range of day trips to explore the surrounding areas. The Southern Tasman Ranges, which are famous for their stunning natural beauty, are a popular destination for adventure seekers. Visitors can also take a day trip to the ski resorts and enjoy some exhilarating skiing or snowboarding. For those interested in geology, trips to the Mt Abel/Whare Rangatira volcano in the Paparahiki Plateau are a must-see attraction.

In addition to its natural beauty, Lisburn is home to several historic and cultural sites, including the cities of Wicklow, Cashel, and Connacht. These cities offer a glimpse into the rich cultural heritage of the region and are a fascinating destination for visitors interested in history and architecture.

Lisburn has won numerous accolades for its beauty and attractions. In 2015, a travel guidebook by Rough Guides recognized Lisburn as one of the top ten most beautiful cities in the world. This honour was bestowed on the city for its high-rise modern architecture, lush green spaces, and the McKenzie River that meanders through the city before emptying into the azure Irihi Bay.

Governance

Lisburn City Hall has become an iconic symbol of the city.

City council

Lisburn City Council is the primary governing body of the city of Lisburn, with a mandate to develop and implement policies aimed at promoting the health, safety, and welfare of its citizens. The council consists of a mayor and twelve councillors, each of whom is elected to serve a four-year term. The councillors are elected in electoral districts, while the mayor is elected at-large through mixed-member proportional (MMP) voting. The council's elections are non-partisan, with candidates standing as independents.

The council plays a crucial role in the city's governance, with the responsibility of approving the city's budget, developing laws and policies, and overseeing the provision of essential services such as police, firefighting, parks, libraries, electricity, water supply, solid waste handling, and drainage. It also works to promote economic growth and development, by attracting new businesses and investment to the city.

In addition to the City Council, each LGA within the Lisburn Metropolitan Region is governed under a similar structure. This includes a directly elected mayor, including the Lord Mayor of Lisburn, as well as a council composed of councillors representing geographical wards. These LGAs work in close collaboration with the City Council to promote the overall development and welfare of the region.

Provincial politics

Government House, Lisburn

Parliament House, Lisburn

Lisburn, the largest city in the province of McKenzie, is a bustling hub of governance and politics. As the provincial capital, Lisburn houses all the main provincial areas of government, including the Provincial Legislature of McKenzie. The city is responsible for governing and overseeing the entire province, with a focus on promoting economic growth and development, maintaining social and cultural harmony, and preserving the natural beauty and resources of the region.

The Lisburn Metropolitan Region is represented by 21 LGAs (local government areas), one for each provincial electoral district. Over the years, the boundaries of these districts have been changed, adjusted, and renamed as the city has grown and evolved. Despite these changes, the LGAs remain an integral part of the local government system, providing essential services and infrastructure to the people of Lisburn and the wider province.

The governance of Lisburn is largely dominated by the New Duveland Labor Party, with around three-quarters of Lisburn's districts represented by members of this party in the current McKenzie Legislature. However, there is a healthy representation of other political parties, including the Liberals, Greens, and New Duveland First, which collectively hold the remaining quarter of the districts.

The city's government operates on a democratic system, with regular elections held to elect members to the Provincial Legislature of McKenzie and the various local government councils. This allows for the people of Lisburn and the wider province to have a say in the running of their government and ensures that their voices are heard.

Education

McKenzie University is the largest university in McKenzie.

Education plays a significant and indispensable role in the economy of Lisburn, with an increasing focus on attracting a diverse population of international students to its renowned tertiary education institutions. The city proudly hosts several prestigious universities, including McKenzie University and Carrick University, which have garnered acclaim within the academic community of New Duveland. Lisburn's primary and secondary education systems are divided into two sectors: a comprehensive public system overseen by the McKenzie Government's Department for Education, and a robust private system consisting of independent and Catholic schools.

Carrick University is one of the top universities of New Duveland.

Lisburn stands as a hub of higher education, boasting the presence of four esteemed public universities within its local boundaries: McKenzie University, Carrick University, University of Lisburn, and Eastmere University New Duveland. These academic institutions have earned international recognition for their commitment to excellence, with McKenzie University ranking among the top 150 universities globally, while all four universities secure positions within the top 300. Each university operates multiple campuses across the metropolitan area, allowing students convenient access to educational resources and opportunities for intellectual growth. McKenzie University, in particular, demonstrates its expansive reach with four campuses, strategically located in Cashel, Gracefield, and Connacht.

Complementing the universities, Lisburn is home to a rich tapestry of esteemed public colleges that offer valuable educational pathways to students. These colleges contribute significantly to Lisburn's reputation as an educational destination of choice. While the precise list of public colleges may vary, some notable examples include Lisburn College, Carrick Community College, Dungloe Polytechnic, McKenzie Technical Institute, Newtown Vocational College, Blubin School of Arts, University District College, Carrick Business School, Lisburn Health Sciences Institute, and Eastmere College of Engineering. These institutions provide a comprehensive range of vocational and technical programs, empowering students to acquire essential skills and knowledge for their professional development. The presence of these colleges further enriches Lisburn's educational landscape, fostering a supportive environment that encourages students to pursue diverse avenues of success

Infrastructure

Transport

Lisburn Central is the busiest station in McKenzie.

Lisburn boasts a comprehensive and efficient transport network that encompasses various modes of transportation, including roads, trams, rail, buses, and waterways. With a well-connected road network and major highways, the city accommodates high volumes of private vehicles, road freight vehicles, buses, and taxis. Lisburn takes pride in its extensive tram system, offering modern trams that connect inner-city suburbs and revitalize previously closed tram routes. The rail network, including the Lisburn Trains Metro, provides convenient access to suburban, provincial, and national destinations, while the bus network fills gaps in the network and records millions of passenger trips annually. Ferries operate on the McKenzie and Carrick Rivers, complementing Lisburn's waterway transport options, which also include river cruises and cargo ports. Preserving its transportation heritage, Lisburn showcases historic river steam boats as tourist attractions. The city's transport network reflects its commitment to connectivity, accessibility, and sustainable urban mobility, offering residents and visitors diverse and efficient transportation choices.

Roads

Looking west along the A26 motorway.

Lisburn's transportation system heavily relies on auto-mobiles, reflecting the city's high dependency on private vehicle usage. The early 20th century witnessed a surge in the popularity of auto-mobiles, leading to substantial suburban expansion and the emergence of urban sprawl, a trend observed in cities across New Duveland. Residents began residing in the suburbs while commuting to the city centre for work, shaping the city's transportation dynamics.

Over time, the number of passenger vehicles per capita continued to rise. In the mid-1950s, Lisburn had nearly 200 passenger vehicles for every 1,000 individuals. By 2013, this figure had escalated to 600 passenger vehicles per 1,000 people, reflecting the increasing reliance on cars for daily commuting and transportation needs.

To support the growing vehicular traffic, Lisburn boasts an extensive network of free ways and arterial roadways. These well-connected routes cater to private vehicles, including road freight vehicles, and serve as vital conduits for road-based public transport modes like buses and taxis. Major highways, such as the A1, A26, A3, A7, and A30 motorways, feed into the city, facilitating efficient transportation and connectivity with neighbouring regions. The well-developed road infrastructure in Lisburn enables smooth movement and ensures effective accessibility for both commuters and goods transportation throughout the city and its surroundings.

Bridges

McKee Bridge, just downstream of the city centre.

The Irihi Bay Bridge accommodates the A1 Highway and bypasses Lisburn's outer southern suburbs.

Lisburn, aptly known as the 'Bridge City,' boasts an impressive network of bridges, with a remarkable total of 28 main bridges spanning its iconic rivers. These bridges serve as vital connections within the city's infrastructure, facilitating transportation and contributing to the city's unique charm. Among the notable bridges in Lisburn is the historic Smithfield Bridge, constructed in 1908, characterised by its distinctive arched design. Another significant bridge is the McKenzie Bridge, which opened in 1912 and serves as a crucial link between the city centre and the southern region. Offering breathtaking vistas of the picturesque countryside, the Lightsview Bridge, completed in 1937, stands as another noteworthy structure.

Lisburn's bridge legacy also encompasses the Carrick Bridge, the city's earliest bridge completed in 1883. Initially serving as a vital transport link for local farmers and traders, it now stands as a testament to the city's rich history. Over time, many of the bridges in Lisburn have undergone renovations or replacements, ensuring their continued functionality and preserving the city's character and identity. Notably, the Irihi Bay Bridge plays a significant role, providing a bypass for the city's southern suburbs at the mouth of the Irihi Bay, while accommodating the A1 highway encircling New Duveland's mainland. These bridges collectively enhance the connectivity and visual appeal of Lisburn, creating a vibrant tapestry of architectural marvels that add to the city's allure.

Rail

The Lisburn Trains Metro map.

Lisburn boasts a well-developed rail network known as the Lisburn Trains Metro, comprising six lines that serve the city and its surrounding areas. These lines include the Portulla North to Kenepuru Line, Nihotaumata-Woodlands Line, Laganville-Monaca Line, North Irwin-Billis Line, Airport Line, and Ruānuku-Eastern Suburbs Line. The rail network operates in a highly radial manner, with all lines passing through Lisburn Central, the city's busiest station. Lisburn Central serves as a major transportation hub, offering connections to suburban, provincial, and national destinations.

Travelling within the region, passengers can access destinations such as Ngaio, Tuherataiorua, Moore, Pūao, Marlay, Seacliff, Wēraenga Kūiti, Marokopa, Porthaw, Wexford, Connacht, Taharoa, Crove, Oakleigh, and Okewhenua. Additionally, Lisburn's rail network provides direct connections to national destinations like Tasbury and Toulon through the NDLoop high-speed rail system. Other regional cities, including Cashel and Totara, can also be reached via the NDLoop, further enhancing connectivity.

In addition to passenger transportation, freight rail plays a significant role in Lisburn's transport infrastructure. As the city is located inland from Irihi Bay, its main port is situated in Billis on the southern outskirts. The port acts as a vital hub for maritime cargo, with rail serving as a crucial mode of distribution to various distribution centers throughout the city. Lisburn serves as the primary freight hub for McKenzie, facilitating the movement of goods to and from other cities across the region. Lisburn Central, the city's busiest station, handles both passenger and freight traffic, further exemplifying its importance within the rail network.

Trams

Lisburn has the 3rd largest tram network in New Duveland.

Lisburn is home to an extensive tram network, ranking as the third largest in New Duveland. The network has a rich history dating back to the early 20th century, but faced a period of decline that resulted in the reduction to a single line during the 1970s. However, recent initiatives have successfully expanded the network, establishing multiple lines that connect various inner-city suburbs. While the current network may not match its original scale, it has effectively revived previously closed tram routes, providing convenient transportation options for both residents and visitors. Additionally, to promote tourism and celebrate the city's tram heritage, Lisburn has carefully preserved and reintroduced a small fleet of historic trams in the city center. These restored trams offer an enchanting experience, inviting tourists to immerse themselves in the nostalgia of a bygone era and contributing to Lisburn's cultural allure.

Bus

Lisburn has over 100 bus routes throughout the city.

Lisburn boasts a comprehensive bus network, encompassing over 100 routes primarily catering to the outer suburbs and bridging the gaps in transportation between rail and tram services. In the year 2013-2014, the city's buses facilitated a significant number of passenger trips, with a total of 31.1 million recorded. This marked an impressive 10.2 percent increase compared to the previous year, highlighting the reliance and preference of residents and visitors on bus travel.

The bus network in Lisburn plays a vital role in the city's transportation system, with citizens making use of buses extensively throughout the year. On average, each individual utilizes the bus service a minimum of 35 times annually, demonstrating the significance and popularity of buses as a mode of transportation within the city.

To ensure convenient and seamless payment options for passengers, Lisburn's bus network has adopted a tap-and-go system. Instead of a traditional transport pass, commuters have the convenience of utilizing their debit or credit cards directly for fare payment. This modern and efficient payment method enhances the overall travel experience, providing passengers with a hassle-free and accessible means of boarding and paying for their bus journeys.

Boat

Ferry services Link Lisburn up the McKenzie and Carrick Rivers, as well as Irihi Bay.

Lisburn's transportation network extends beyond land-based modes, with a network of ferries operating on the McKenzie and Carrick Rivers. These ferries provide a convenient means of cross-river transit, offering quick and efficient transportation options for residents and visitors alike. Passengers can easily access these ferries using the same tap-and-go debit/credit card system that is utilized across all forms of transit in the city, ensuring a seamless and integrated travel experience.

In addition to ferries, river cruises have gained popularity in Lisburn, particularly in the city center. These river cruises offer a unique and scenic way to explore Lisburn, with many options for night cruises along the picturesque McKenzie River. Passengers can embark on these cruises, enjoying the beautiful views and the enchanting ambiance of the city's waterways.

Preserving the rich maritime heritage of the city, Lisburn takes pride in its collection of river steamboats. These historic vessels, dating back to the 19th century, are a popular tourist attraction, captivating visitors with their elegant designs and cultural significance. Lisburn's commitment to preserving these steamboats serves as a testament to the city's appreciation for its history and its dedication to showcasing its maritime legacy.

Pedestrian

Many important shopping districts in the city centre have become pedestrianised.

Lisburn boasts an extensive pedestrian network, designed to enhance the walking experience for residents and visitors. The city is crisscrossed by several walking trails that meander through its urban landscape, often following the course of smaller creeks and river reserves. These trails provide pedestrians with scenic and serene pathways, allowing them to explore Lisburn's natural beauty while enjoying a leisurely walk.

A notable project that has contributed to the enhancement of Lisburn's pedestrian network is the Lisburn Riverwalk. This initiative focuses on revitalizing the city's riverfront areas along the McKenzie and Carrick Rivers. By creating accessible and well-maintained pathways, the Lisburn Riverwalk project has transformed these riverfront spaces into vibrant and inviting destinations for pedestrians. Visitors can now stroll along the riverbanks, taking in the picturesque views and immersing themselves in the tranquil ambiance of Lisburn's waterways.

The development of the pedestrian network in Lisburn aligns with the city's commitment to promoting active and sustainable modes of transportation. These pedestrian-friendly initiatives not only encourage physical activity but also contribute to the overall livability and attractiveness of the city. With its interconnected walking trails and the transformative Lisburn Riverwalk project, Lisburn offers residents and visitors ample opportunities to explore the city on foot, connecting with nature and experiencing the charm of its riverside landscapes.

Airports

Lisburn International Airport is the third busiest in New Duveland.

Lisburn boasts an extensive network of airports, with Lisburn International Airport standing out as the third largest aviation hub in New Duveland. This bustling airport serves as a vital transportation gateway, offering connections to all major cities and capitals within the country. Moreover, Lisburn International Airport serves as a crucial link between Lisburn and various international destinations, including Australia, New Zealand, Oceania, and Asia, with indirect connections reaching North and South America, Europe, and Africa.

Over the years, the landscape of popular flight routes has evolved. Previously, the most frequented route was between Lisburn and Tasbury. However, the introduction of the NDLoop high-speed rail system, which connected the two cities more than a decade ago, has led to a shift in popular routes. Presently, the Lisburn-Plymouth route has become the preferred choice among travellers.

Among the international destinations, Melbourne stands out as the most popular city for outbound flights from Lisburn. Additionally, Lisburn is served by several smaller airports and aerodromes, such as Kilcar Airport and Kenepuru Airstrip, which cater to regional flights and provide convenient access to nearby areas within the city. The comprehensive network of airports in Lisburn contributes to the city's connectivity, facilitating both domestic and international travel for residents and visitors alike.

Seaport

The Port of Lisburn is located in the outer suburb of Billis.

Lisburn's port, situated at the southern fringes of the city in Billis, stands as the third largest port in the nation, playing a pivotal role in the maritime landscape of New Duveland. Beyond its sheer size, the port is a bustling nexus of maritime activities, fostering a dynamic environment for commercial and industrial operations. With its strategic location, Lisburn's port serves as a key facilitator of trade, connecting the city to broader national and international markets. Moreover, the city is complemented by river cargo ports strategically positioned to address the demands of freight transportation. These river cargo ports contribute significantly to the logistical efficiency of the city center, providing a crucial alternative for freight movement, particularly in instances where the conventional rail infrastructure might pose limitations.

Lisburn's maritime infrastructure not only underscores its economic significance but also highlights its role as a multifaceted hub, catering to diverse transportation needs. The ports, acting as conduits of commerce, contribute substantially to Lisburn's economic vitality and position the city as a strategic player in the nation's maritime activities.

Healthcare

St Patrick's Hospital has the largest trauma care unit in New Duveland.

Lisburn, a key hub in the healthcare network of McKenzie, is served by the comprehensive medical services of "Metro East," "Metro West," and "Children's Health McKenzie" Hospital and Health Services. The greater Lisburn area boasts eight major public hospitals, complemented by four major private hospitals and a multitude of smaller public and private healthcare facilities. Standing prominently among these institutions are the Royal Lisburn and Women's Hospital and St Patrick's Hospital, both integral components of McKenzie's vital trauma care infrastructure. These hospitals not only serve as McKenzie's largest medical centers but also house critical facilities such as the Transnational Research Institute (New Duveland) and specialized services like renal and liver transplant units. St Patrick's Hospital, for instance, is a pivotal center for transplants, while the Royal Lisburn and Women's Hospital is distinguished by its specialist burns unit. Lisburn's healthcare landscape extends to include the Prince Charles Hospital, recognized as a major cardiac transplant center, alongside other significant public healthcare institutions like the McKenzie Children's Hospital, the Queen Elizabeth II Jubilee Hospital, and the Whaea Hospital.

The Lisburn CBD, suburbs, and various localities host a mix of specialist and general medical practices, ensuring accessibility to healthcare services across the region. Moreover, Lisburn stands as a central hub for emergency services, with the headquarters of the McKenzie Ambulance Service central executive located at the Emergency Services Complex Carrick Park. This complex also houses the headquarters of the McKenzie Fire and Emergency Services, as well as the McKenzie Emergency Operations Centre, consolidating Lisburn's role as a vital center for emergency response coordination and healthcare administration in the province

Utilities

The Eastmere Reservoir provides the largest proportion of water for the city, supplying roughly 35% of the entire city's needs.

Water management in Lisburn is overseen by two key entities: Liswater and Urban Utilities. The former, Liswater, takes charge of bulk water storage, treatment, and transportation for Central McKenzie. Meanwhile, Urban Utilities, previously known as Lisburn Water, is responsible for the distribution of water throughout the broader Lisburn region. The water supply for the area is sourced from three major dams located to the east of the metropolitan area: Pupuke, Eastmere Valley, and Aro.

Electricity provision in Lisburn involves collaboration between government and private entities. Various generators, both private and government-owned, contribute energy to the wholesale market known as the National Electricity Market for southern New Duveland. The transmission and distribution of electricity are managed by the government-owned corporations Kahagex and LinkPower McKenzie, respectively. In a partially deregulated market, private retailers purchase electricity from the wholesale market and offer it to consumers, providing them with the flexibility to choose between different retailers.

Gas supply in Lisburn is more extensively privatized. The APA Group, a private entity, is responsible for distributing gas in the city. This gas is then bought and sold by retailers, primarily Tūpuna Energy and NDGL Energy, within a partially deregulated market.

Metropolitan Lisburn is well-served by major and minor telecommunications companies, each operating their networks. Telecom, Whanaunga, and Vodafone New Duveland are among the prominent players providing comprehensive telecommunication services to the residents of Lisburn.

Media

Print

The main local print newspapers of Lisburn are The Kāwana-Mail and its sibling The Sunday Mail, both owned by News Corporation. Lisburn also receives the national daily, New Duveland Today, its sibling the Weekend New Duveland, as well as the New Duveland Financial Review. Tasbury's The Tasbury Times and Espérance's Le Progrès also sell in Lisburn in smaller numbers.

The Lisburn Times is Lisburn's second major local news source, owned by Network Two, and is online only.

There are community and suburban newspapers throughout the metropolitan area, including Lisburn News and City News, many of which are produced by Quest Community Newspapers.

Television

Lisburn is served by all five major television networks in New Duveland, which broadcast from prominent television transmission towers on the summit of Mt Doan. The three commercial stations, Two, Five, and Twelve, are accompanied by two government networks, NDBC and MBS. Channels provided by these networks include Two HD (Two broadcast in HD), Two Bold, Two Peach, Two Shake, TVSN, NDBC TV HD (NDBC TV broadcast in HD), NDBC TV Plus/Kids, NDBC ME, NDBC News, MBS HD (MBS broadcast in HD), MBS World Movies, MBS Viceland HD (MBS Viceland broadcast in HD), MBS Food, MTV, MBS WorldWatch, 5HD (Five broadcast in HD), 5two, 5mate, 5flix, 5mate HD (5mate broadcast in HD), Racing.com, 12HD (Twelve broadcast in HD), 12Gem, 12Go!, 12Life, 12Gem HD (12Gem broadcast in HD) and 12Rush. Several Pay TV services also operate in Lisburn, via cable and satellite means.

Radio

Lisburn is serviced by five major public radio stations including major commercial radio stations, including NDBC Radio Lisburn (local news, current affairs and talk); NDBC Radio National (national news and current affairs); NDBC NewsRadio (national news); NDBC Classic FM (classical music); Triple M (alternative music); and MBS Radio (multicultural broadcasting).

Lisburn is serviced by numerous major commercial and community radio stations including JBC (local and national talk, news and current affairs); JMQ (sport); JMH (classic hits); KISS 97.3 (pop); P105 (pop); Nova 106.9 (top 40); Triple R (rock); Five Family FM (Christian/pop); Radio TAB (betting); and 4MBS (classical).

Lisburn is also serviced by community radio stations such as Radio Française Lisburn (French); VAC Radio (Mandarin); Radio Brisvaani (Hindi); Radio Arabic (Arabic); 4EB (multiple languages); 98.9 FM (Maori); 4RPH (vision impaired); Switch 1197 (youth broadcasting); 4ZZZ (community radio); and Vision Christian Radio (Christian). Additional channels are also available via DAB digital radio.

Sister Cities

Country	City	Date
Neu Westfalen	Aspel	1990
Santa Catarina	Blumenau	1987
New Zealand	Christchurch	1923
Jarraban	Derby	1914
Illium	New Dallas	1954
Siculia	Nova Taranto	1999
Australia	Perth	1988